Member of Congress

Joni Ernst

U.S. Senator · IA · Republican

FY2026 ended Sep 30 · data still posting · data as of 2026-11-01†

† DoD contract data posts to USAspending about 90 days after award.

Represents Iowa · on PolitiFinder → · PAC contributions ↓
Official website

Joni Ernst is a U.S. Senator for IA (Republican) who serves on 12 congressional committees, including as Chairman of Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship. In FY2026, federal awards worth $34.6B were performed in Iowa. FY2026 ended Sep 30 and its data is still posting. Computed

Follow the public money trail around this seat: the federal awards performed in Iowa, and the PAC contributions reported to the FEC. Federal work in a state is shown as public context, not a claim about this member’s role in any award.

Federal spending in Iowa · FY2026 · data still posting

Computed
Obligated for work performed here
$34.6B
Top recipient
IA Department of Human Services $7.4B
Largest award performed here, by total value
Medicaid Entitlement for 18 - Fy 2026 - T19 $6.9B · awarded 2025
Explore all federal spending in Iowa →

Federal work in this state is shown as public context. It is not a claim about this member’s role in any award. Follow the money, not the corruption.

Committee assignments

Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry
Senate Committee on Armed Services
Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs
Senate Committee on Small Business and EntrepreneurshipChairman
↳ Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry: Conservation, Forestry, Natural Resources, and Biotechnology
↳ Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry: Livestock, Dairy, Poultry, and Food Safety
↳ Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry: Rural Development, Energy, and CreditChairman
↳ Senate Committee on Armed Services: Cybersecurity
↳ Senate Committee on Armed Services: Emerging Threats and CapabilitiesChairman
↳ Senate Committee on Armed Services: Personnel
↳ Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs: Border Management, Federal Workforce, and Regulatory Affairs
↳ Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs: Disaster Management, District of Columbia, and Census

PAC contributions received

By election cycle, most recent first.Source

2026 cycle$524,875 from 159 PACs· the top 10 PACs gave 15% of it
Best at Bringing Entrepreneurial Results Never Imagined or Envisioned PAC$10,000
Growth Energy PAC$10,000
Oorah! Political Action Committee$10,000
Together Holding Our Majority PAC$10,000
Tomorrow Is Meaningful PAC$10,000
National Restaurant Association PAC (Restaurant PAC)$7,500
Maggie's List$7,000
T-Mobile US, Inc. Political Action Committee (T-PAC)$6,500
Amgen Inc. Political Action Committee$5,500
Accenture Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
Show all 159 PACs
  1. Alabama First PAC$5,000
  2. America's Health Insurance Plans, Inc. PAC (Ahip PAC)$5,000
  3. American Crystal Sugar Company Political Action Committee$5,000
  4. American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Political Action Committee$5,000
  5. American Sugar Cane League of USA, Inc PAC$5,000
  6. Arkansas for Leadership Political Action Committee (Arkpac)$5,000
  7. Automotive Free International Trade PAC$5,000
  8. Bank of America Corporation Federal PAC$5,000
  9. Boots Political Action Committee$5,000
  10. CSX Corporation Good Government Fund$5,000
  11. Charter Communications Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  12. Chevron Employees Political Action Committee - Chevron Corporation$5,000
  13. Chugach Alaska Corporation PAC (Cac PAC)$5,000
  14. Comcast Corporation & Nbcuniversal Political Action Committee - Federal$5,000
  15. Cox Enterprises PAC (Coxpac) Inc.$5,000
  16. Dakota PAC$5,000
  17. Delivers PAC$5,000
  18. Denali Leadership PAC$5,000
  19. Free State PAC$5,000
  20. Fund for America's Future$5,000
  21. General Atomics Political Action Committee$5,000
  22. General Dynamics Corporation Political Action Committee (General Dynamics Employee PAC)$5,000
  23. Google LLC Netpac$5,000
  24. Jpmorgan Chase & Co. Federal Political Action Committee$5,000
  25. L3HARRIS Technologies, Inc. PAC$5,000
  26. Lets Get to Work PAC$5,000
  27. Merck & Co., Inc., Employees Political Action Committee (Merck PAC)$5,000
  28. Mortgage Bankers Association Political Action Committee (Morpac)$5,000
  29. National Association of Development Companies 504PAC$5,000
  30. National Confectioners Association of the United States, Inc. Political Action Committee (Candy PAC)$5,000
  31. National Multifamily Housing Council and Real Estate Technology and Transformation Center Political Action Committee (Nmhc PAC)$5,000
  32. National Pork Producers Council Pork PAC$5,000
  33. National Shooting Sports Foundation, Inc. Political Action Committee (Nssf PAC)$5,000
  34. National Stone, Sand & Gravel Association Rockpac$5,000
  35. Ncta - the Internet & Television Association Political Action Committee (Nctapac)$5,000
  36. Nebraska Sandhills PAC$5,000
  37. Nextera Energy, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  38. Norfolk Southern Corporation Good Government Fund$5,000
  39. Pennsylvania Honor$5,000
  40. Poet PAC$5,000
  41. Pricewaterhousecoopers Political Action Committee I$5,000
  42. Seal PAC Supporting Electing American Leaders PAC$5,000
  43. Senate Eagle PAC$5,000
  44. Send in the Seal PAC$5,000
  45. Sock IT to 'Em PAC$5,000
  46. Space Exploration Technologies Corp. PAC$5,000
  47. The Boeing Company PAC$5,000
  48. The Guidehouse Inc. Political Action Committee (Guidehouse PAC)$5,000
  49. Union Pacific Corp. Fund for Effective Government$5,000
  50. United Parcel Service, Inc. PAC (Upspac)$5,000
  51. Deloitte Political Action Committee$4,500
  52. BAE Systems Inc. Political Action Committee (BAE Systems USA PAC)$4,000
  53. Dominion Energy, Inc. Political Action Committee - Dominion PAC$4,000
  54. Koch, Inc. Political Action Committee (Kochpac)$4,000
  55. CHS Inc. Political Action Committee$3,500
  56. Humana Inc. Political Action Committee$3,500
  57. Jobs Opportunity Now Political Action Committee$3,500
  58. Michigan Sugar Company Growers Political Action Committee$3,500
  59. National Cotton Council of America Committee for the Advancement of Cotton$3,500
  60. Bmo Financial Corp Good Governance Fund: Federal (Bmo PAC)$3,000
  61. Employees of RTX Corporation Political Action Committee$3,000
  62. Lockheed Martin Corporation Employees' Political Action Committee$3,000
  63. National Association of Realtors Political Action Committee$3,000
  64. Sierra Nevada Company, LLC Political Action Committee$3,000
  65. Air Line Pilots Association PAC$2,500
  66. Altria Group, Inc. Political Action Committee (Altriapac)$2,500
  67. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Political Action Committee$2,500
  68. American Association of Orthodontists Political Action Committee$2,500
  69. American Hotel and Lodging Association Political Action Committee ('Hotelpac')$2,500
  70. Basf Corporation Employees Political Action Committee$2,500
  71. CVS Health PAC$2,500
  72. Elevance Health, Inc. Political Action Committee (Elevance Health PAC)$2,500
  73. Ernst & Young Political Action Committee$2,500
  74. Faspac Fareway Stores Inc PAC$2,500
  75. Fluor Corporation Political Action Committee (Fluor PAC)$2,500
  76. General Mills, Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  77. Gevo, Inc. Political Action Committee (Gevo PAC)$2,500
  78. Guidewell Mutual Holding Corporation Political Action Committee (Guidewell PAC)$2,500
  79. Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company PAC$2,500
  80. Independent Insurance Agents & Brokers of America, Inc. Political Action Committee (Insurpac)$2,500
  81. International Franchise Association Franchising Political Action Committee Inc$2,500
  82. King & Spalding Nonpartisan Committee for Good Government$2,500
  83. McDonalds Corporation Political Action Committee$2,500
  84. National Association of Convenience Stores Political Action Committee$2,500
  85. National Electrical Contractors Association Political Action Committee$2,500
  86. Peraton Corp. Political Action Committee (A.k.a. 'Peraton PAC')$2,500
  87. Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  88. Textron Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  89. The Capital Group Companies Inc Political Action Committee$2,500
  90. The Home Depot Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  91. Amalgamated Sugar Company Political Action Committee$2,000
  92. American Academy of Physician Associates Political Action Committee (PA PAC)$2,000
  93. American Bankers Association PAC (Bankpac)$2,000
  94. Blue Origin LLC Political Action Committee (Blue Origin PAC)$2,000
  95. Coinbase, Inc. Innovation PAC (Coinbase Innovation PAC)$2,000
  96. Day & Zimmermann Inc Federal PAC (Aka 'Daypac - Federal')$2,000
  97. Energy Marketers of America Small Business Committee PAC (Ema SBC PAC)$2,000
  98. Florida Sugar Cane League PAC$2,000
  99. Ihg Six Continents Hotels Inc. Political Action Committee (Ihg PAC)$2,000
  100. National Corn Growers Association PAC (Cornpac)$2,000
  101. Road to Freedom Campaign Committee$2,000
  102. Transcanada USA Services, Inc. PAC (Tc PAC)$2,000
  103. Walmart Inc. PAC for Responsible Government$2,000
  104. American Council of Life Insurers Political Action Committee$1,500
  105. Bhfs-E, PC PAC (Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck Political Action Committee)$1,500
  106. Croplife America Political Action Committee$1,500
  107. Delta Air Lines PAC$1,500
  108. Employees of Northrop Grumman Corporation PAC$1,500
  109. Fox Corporation Political Action Committee (Fox PAC)$1,500
  110. Holland & Knight Committee for Effective Government$1,500
  111. Independent Community Bankers of America Political Action Committee (Icba PAC)$1,500
  112. Leonardo DRS PAC$1,500
  113. Maersk Agency U.S.A., Inc. Political Action Committee (Maersk PAC)$1,500
  114. Minn-Dak Farmers Cooperative Sugar PAC (Mdspac)$1,500
  115. Nutrien Ag Solutions Employee Citizenship Fund Political Action Committee ('Nutrien Citizenship Fund PAC')$1,500
  116. Parsons Corporation Political Action Committee$1,500
  117. Pitney Bowes Inc. Political Action Committee$1,500
  118. Sap America Inc PAC$1,500
  119. Science Applications International Corporation Voluntary Political Action Committee$1,500
  120. Verizon Communications, Inc. Political Action Committee (Verizon PAC)$1,500
  121. Wine and Spirits Wholesalers of America, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,500
  122. Saalex Corp Political Action Committee$1,400
  123. Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,125
  124. American Beverage Association Political Action Committee (Aka American Beverage PAC)$1,000
  125. American Hospital Association PAC$1,000
  126. Arnold & Porter Kaye Scholer LLP (Apks) Partners Political Action Committee$1,000
  127. Dell Technologies, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  128. Edison International PAC$1,000
  129. Entergy Corporation Employee Political Action Committee (Enpac)$1,000
  130. Fraternity & Sorority Political Action Committee$1,000
  131. Kpac$1,000
  132. Motorcycle Industry Council Rider Action Fund$1,000
  133. National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  134. National Federation of Independent Business Federal Political Action Committee$1,000
  135. Phillips 66 PAC$1,000
  136. Phoenix Education Partners, Inc. Governance Fund$1,000
  137. Southern Minnesota Beet Sugar Cooperative Political Action Committee$1,000
  138. Squire Patton Boggs Political Action Committee (Squire Patton Boggs PAC)$1,000
  139. Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida (PAC)$1,000
  140. The Farm Credit Council Political Action Committee$1,000
  141. The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  142. The Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company Political Action Committee (Nmpac)$1,000
  143. Thrivent Financial for Lutherans Political Action Committee$1,000
  144. Toyota Motor North America, Inc Political Action Committee (Toyota/Lexus PAC)$1,000
  145. Western Alliance Bancorporation Political Action Committee (Wabpac)$1,000
  146. Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP Civic Action Committee (Aka Akin Gump PAC)$750
  147. American Principles$500
  148. Schwan's Company Political Action Committee$500
  149. Wonder Women PAC$100
2024 cycle$768,520 from 214 PACs· the top 10 PACs gave 16% of it
Norpac$37,970
American Excellence PAC$10,000
Big Sky Opportunity PAC$10,000
Booz Allen Hamilton Inc. PAC (Booz Allen PAC)$10,000
Common Sense for America PAC$10,000
Common Values PAC$10,000
Conservatives Harvesting Success PAC$10,000
Continuing America's Strength and Security PAC$10,000
Deere & Company PAC (Aka John Deere PAC)$10,000
Dirigo PAC$10,000
Show all 214 PACs
  1. Freedom Fund$10,000
  2. Heartland Values PAC$10,000
  3. Making a Responsible Stand for Households in America PAC$10,000
  4. National Propane Gas Association PAC$10,000
  5. PAC for America$10,000
  6. R Senate PAC$10,000
  7. Republican Majority Fund$10,000
  8. Small Business Investor Alliance PAC$10,000
  9. Steer PAC$10,000
  10. The Hawkeye PAC$10,000
  11. The Peter Norbeck Leadership PAC$10,000
  12. True North PAC$10,000
  13. Ubs Americas Inc. Political Action Committee (Ubs PAC)$10,000
  14. Golf Course Superintendents Association of America Political Action Committee$7,500
  15. Burger King Franchisee PAC$7,000
  16. Archer Daniels Midland Company - Adm PAC$6,000
  17. Energy Marketers of America Small Business Committee PAC (Ema SBC PAC)$6,000
  18. Transamerica Corporation PAC$6,000
  19. Molina Healthcare, Inc. PAC$5,500
  20. Regions Financial Corporation Political Action Committee$5,500
  21. A New Nation PAC$5,000
  22. Asian American Hotel Owners Association PAC (Aahoa PAC)$5,000
  23. Badlands PAC$5,000
  24. Bayer US LLC Employee Political Action Committee (Bayerpac)$5,000
  25. Bluegrass Committee$5,000
  26. Boehringer Ingelheim USA Corporation Political Action Committee (Boehringer PAC)$5,000
  27. Boyd Gaming Corporation Political Action Committee$5,000
  28. Building Up Democracy's Dream$5,000
  29. Cardinal Health Inc. PAC$5,000
  30. Cme Group Inc. PAC$5,000
  31. Corteva, Inc. Employees PAC (Corteva Agriscience PAC)$5,000
  32. Crop Insurance Professionals Association PAC-Cipa PAC$5,000
  33. Faegre Drinker Political Action Committee (Faegre Drinker PAC)$5,000
  34. Financial Services Institute PAC$5,000
  35. International Paper Political Action Committee (Ip-PAC)$5,000
  36. Jpmorgan Chase & Co. Federal Political Action Committee$5,000
  37. Leadership and Accountability Are National Keys PAC$5,000
  38. National Association of Benefits and Insurance Professionals PAC (Nabip PAC)$5,000
  39. Novo Nordisk Inc. PAC (Novo Nordisk PAC)$5,000
  40. Qualcomm Incorporated Political Action Committee (Qpac)$5,000
  41. Rain and Hail Insurance Society Political Action Committee$5,000
  42. Raptor PAC$5,000
  43. Space Exploration Technologies Corp. PAC$5,000
  44. Ssab Americas PAC Ssab Enterprises LLC$5,000
  45. Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  46. Strategy PAC$5,000
  47. Syngenta Corporation Employee Political Action Committee$5,000
  48. Tennessee Eagle PAC$5,000
  49. Texas Farm Bureau Agfund$5,000
  50. Tzedek PAC$5,000
  51. VGM Group Inc PAC (Vgm PAC)$5,000
  52. Value in Electing Women Political Action Committee$5,000
  53. Wild and Wonderful PAC$5,000
  54. With Honor PAC$5,000
  55. Zeneca Inc. Political Action Committee (Azpac)$5,000
  56. American Association of Crop Insurers PAC$4,500
  57. Cencora, Inc. PAC$4,500
  58. JBS USA Food Company PAC$4,500
  59. Johnson & Johnson Political Action Committee$4,500
  60. Polaris Industries Political Participation Program$4,500
  61. The Albertsons Companies, Inc. Political Action Committee (Aci PAC)$4,500
  62. American Soybean Association PAC (Soypac)$4,000
  63. Committee Organized for the Trading of Cotton PAC of the American Cotton Shippers Associat$4,000
  64. Toyota Motor North America, Inc Political Action Committee (Toyota/Lexus PAC)$4,000
  65. American Council of Life Insurers Political Action Committee$3,500
  66. Amgen Inc. Political Action Committee$3,500
  67. Delta Air Lines PAC$3,500
  68. Eli Lilly and Company Political Action Committee$3,500
  69. Fox Corporation Political Action Committee (Fox PAC)$3,500
  70. Old Dominion Freight Line Inc. Political Action Committee (Old Dominion PAC)$3,500
  71. Sap America Inc PAC$3,500
  72. C3.AI, Inc. PAC$3,300
  73. AT&T Inc. Employee Federal Political Action Committee (AT&T Employee Federal PAC)$3,000
  74. American Chemistry Council PAC$3,000
  75. Biotechnology Innovation Organization PAC (Bio PAC)$3,000
  76. Cuna Mutual Holding Company Political Action Committee/Trustage PAC$3,000
  77. Itc Holdings Corp. PAC (Itc PAC)$3,000
  78. Lyondell Chemical Company PAC$3,000
  79. Schwan's Company Political Action Committee$3,000
  80. Trinity Industries Employee Political Action Committee (SF) Inc.$3,000
  81. Abbvie Political Action Committee$2,500
  82. Alliant Energy Corporation Employee's Political Action Comm$2,500
  83. Allied Pilots Association Political Action Committee$2,500
  84. American Airlines Inc. Political Action Committee (Aapac)$2,500
  85. American Petroleum Institute Political Action Committee (API PAC)$2,500
  86. Barnes & Thornburg Political Action Committee$2,500
  87. Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Political Action Committee$2,500
  88. Buffalo River Political Action Committee$2,500
  89. Bunge North America Inc Political Action Committee$2,500
  90. Cisco Systems, Inc. Federal PAC$2,500
  91. Dairy Farmers of America, Inc. Political Action Committee; Aka Dfa-PAC$2,500
  92. Elevance Health, Inc. Political Action Committee (Elevance Health PAC)$2,500
  93. Ernst & Young Political Action Committee$2,500
  94. Faspac Fareway Stores Inc PAC$2,500
  95. Heidelberg Materials US, Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  96. Kpmg Partners/Principals and Employees PAC$2,500
  97. Lead Encourage Elect PAC$2,500
  98. Meta Platforms, Inc. PAC$2,500
  99. National Association of Government Guaranteed Lenders Inc PAC$2,500
  100. National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies PAC$2,500
  101. National Tank Truck Carriers Inc Political Action Committee$2,500
  102. Nike Inc Federal Political Action Committee (Nike Federal PAC)$2,500
  103. Office of the Commissioner of Major League Baseball Political Action Committee$2,500
  104. Peraton Corp. Political Action Committee (A.k.a. 'Peraton PAC')$2,500
  105. Pfizer Inc. PAC$2,500
  106. Principal Life Insurance Company Political Action Committee$2,500
  107. Seaboard Corporation Political Action Committee$2,500
  108. Southern Minnesota Beet Sugar Cooperative Political Action Committee$2,500
  109. Squire Patton Boggs Political Action Committee (Squire Patton Boggs PAC)$2,500
  110. T-Mobile US, Inc. Political Action Committee (T-PAC)$2,500
  111. Textron Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  112. The Capital Group Companies Inc Political Action Committee$2,500
  113. The Kraft Heinz Company Political Action Committee (Kraftheinzpac)$2,500
  114. U.S. Bancorp Federal Political Action Committee$2,500
  115. Zoetis Inc. PAC Aka Zoetis PAC$2,500
  116. Ctia - the Wireless Association Political Action Committee$2,000
  117. Employees of RTX Corporation Political Action Committee$2,000
  118. Federal Bipartisan Voluntary Public Affairs Committee of the PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (Pnc$2,000
  119. Grail, Inc. PAC$2,000
  120. Intercontinental Exchange Inc PAC$2,000
  121. Investment Company Institute Political Action Committee (Ici PAC)$2,000
  122. National Association of Landscape Professionals Inc. PAC$2,000
  123. Novartis Corporation Political Action Committee$2,000
  124. Philips North America LLC Political Action Committee$2,000
  125. Sammons Enterprises Inc. Political Action Committee$2,000
  126. Southwest Airlines Co. Political Action Committee (Swapac)$2,000
  127. Thrivent Financial for Lutherans Political Action Committee$2,000
  128. Transcanada USA Services, Inc. PAC (Tc PAC)$2,000
  129. Venable PAC (Ven-PAC)$2,000
  130. Wonder Women PAC$2,000
  131. Arentfox Schiff Civic Participation Fund (Afspac)$1,500
  132. Commercial Metals Company PAC (CMC PAC)$1,500
  133. Cox Enterprises PAC (Coxpac) Inc.$1,500
  134. Crop Insurance Reinsurance Bureau (Cirb)-PAC$1,500
  135. Croplife America Political Action Committee$1,500
  136. Ebay Inc-Committee for Responsible Internet Commerce, (Ebay PAC)$1,500
  137. Echostar Corporation and Dish Network Corporation PAC (Echostar Dish Network PAC)$1,500
  138. Foley & Lardner Political Fund, Inc.$1,500
  139. Intuit Inc. 21ST Century Leadership Fund$1,500
  140. Leonardo DRS PAC$1,500
  141. Lundbeck LLC Employee Political Action Committee$1,500
  142. National Cotton Council of America Committee for the Advancement of Cotton$1,500
  143. Pet Food Institute PAC (Pet PAC)$1,500
  144. Plains Cotton Growers Inc. PAC$1,500
  145. Seed First Political Action Committee$1,500
  146. The J.m. Smucker Company PAC (Smucker PAC)$1,500
  147. The Procter & Gamble Company Good Government Fund$1,500
  148. Tractor Supply Company Political Action Committee$1,500
  149. Transportation Intermediaries Association's Tiapac$1,500
  150. U.S. Travel Association PAC$1,500
  151. Vannevar Labs, Inc. PAC$1,500
  152. Ihg Owners Association Inn-PAC$1,250
  153. Aluminum Association Political Action Committee 'Aluminum PAC'$1,000
  154. American Kennel Club$1,000
  155. American Speech-Language-Hearing Association PAC (Asha PAC)$1,000
  156. Anheuser-Busch Companies LLC Political Action Committee$1,000
  157. Arconic Corporation Employees' Voluntary Political Action Committee$1,000
  158. BAE Systems Inc. Political Action Committee (BAE Systems USA PAC)$1,000
  159. CRH Americas, Inc. PAC$1,000
  160. Cargill, Incorporated Political Action Committee$1,000
  161. Clean Fuels Alliance America Political Action Committee$1,000
  162. Corn Refiners Association PAC$1,000
  163. Crowe PAC$1,000
  164. Day & Zimmermann Inc Federal PAC (Aka 'Daypac - Federal')$1,000
  165. Dominion Energy, Inc. Political Action Committee - Dominion PAC$1,000
  166. Dow Inc. PAC (Dowpac)$1,000
  167. Edison International PAC$1,000
  168. Edwards Lifesciences Political Action Committee (A.k.a. Edwards PAC)$1,000
  169. Employees of Northrop Grumman Corporation PAC$1,000
  170. Enterprise Holdings, Inc. / Enterprise Mobility Political Action Committee$1,000
  171. Farmers Mutual Hail Ins CO of Iowa Political Action Committee (Fmh PAC)$1,000
  172. Ford Motor Company Civic Action Fund$1,000
  173. Gilead Sciences Inc Healthcare Policy PAC$1,000
  174. Iheartmedia, Inc. PAC$1,000
  175. Independent Electrical Contractors PAC (Iec PAC)$1,000
  176. Independent Pilots Association Political Action Committee (Ipac)$1,000
  177. King & Spalding Nonpartisan Committee for Good Government$1,000
  178. Louis Dreyfus Company LLC Political Action Committee$1,000
  179. Minn-Dak Farmers Cooperative Sugar PAC (Mdspac)$1,000
  180. National Air Traffic Controllers Association PAC$1,000
  181. National Corn Growers Association PAC (Cornpac)$1,000
  182. National Pest Management Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  183. Occidental Petroleum Corporation Political Action Committee$1,000
  184. Organon & Co. Employee Political Action Committee$1,000
  185. Pharmaceutical Research & Manufacturers of America Better Government Committee$1,000
  186. Pinnacle West Capital Corporation PAC$1,000
  187. Plains All American GP LLC PAC$1,000
  188. Powerpac of the Edison Electric Institute$1,000
  189. Pride Mobility Products Corp PAC$1,000
  190. Responsible Innovation PAC$1,000
  191. Road to Freedom Campaign Committee$1,000
  192. Sierra Nevada Company, LLC Political Action Committee$1,000
  193. Snack Food Association Political Action Committee (Snackpac)$1,000
  194. Target Corporation Citizens Political Forum (Targetcitizens Political Forum)$1,000
  195. Tate and Lyle PAC of Tate and Lyle Ingredients Americas Inc$1,000
  196. The Farm Credit Council Political Action Committee$1,000
  197. Triumph Foods PAC$1,000
  198. United Egg Association Eggpac$1,000
  199. Vantor Parent Inc. PAC (Vantor PAC)$1,000
  200. Vmware, Inc. Political Action Committee (Vmware PAC)$1,000
  201. Western Peanut Growers Association, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  202. Williams and Jensen, PLLC Political Action Committee$1,000
  203. Bryan Cave LLP Political Action Committee$500
  204. United States Telecom Association Political Action Committee (Telecompac)$500
2022 cycle$282,191 from 87 PACs· the top 10 PACs gave 42% of it
Winred$72,791
Farmers Group, Inc., Farmers Insurance Exchange, Fire Insurance Exchange and Truck Insurance Exchange Political Action Committee Aka Farmers Insurance PAC$7,500
Amazon.com Services LLC Separate Segregated Fund (Amazon PAC)$5,000
Financial Services Institute PAC$5,000
Herzog PAC$5,000
Lifepoint Health PAC - the PAC of Lifepoint Corporate Services, General Partnership (Lcsgp) and Facilities Which Are Subsidiaries of Lifepoint Health (Collectively Lifepoint)$5,000
Meta Platforms, Inc. PAC$5,000
Motorola Solutions, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
National Association of Benefits and Insurance Professionals PAC (Nabip PAC)$5,000
National Association of Government Guaranteed Lenders Inc PAC$5,000
Show all 87 PACs
  1. National Victory Action Fund$5,000
  2. Navient Corporation PAC (Navient PAC)$5,000
  3. Novo Nordisk Inc. PAC (Novo Nordisk PAC)$5,000
  4. Renewable Energy Group Inc Political Action Committee (Reg PAC)$5,000
  5. Target Corporation Citizens Political Forum (Targetcitizens Political Forum)$5,000
  6. United Services Automobile Association Employee PAC - Usaa Employee PAC$5,000
  7. With Honor PAC$5,000
  8. National Air Traffic Controllers Association PAC$4,000
  9. Polaris Industries Political Participation Program$4,000
  10. Ssab Americas PAC Ssab Enterprises LLC$4,000
  11. Day & Zimmermann Inc Federal PAC (Aka 'Daypac - Federal')$3,500
  12. Nutrien Ag Solutions Employee Citizenship Fund Political Action Committee ('Nutrien Citizenship Fund PAC')$3,500
  13. The National Mentor Holdings, Inc. Fund (the Sevita PAC)$3,500
  14. AT&T Inc. Employee Federal Political Action Committee (AT&T Employee Federal PAC)$3,000
  15. Wonder Women PAC$2,900
  16. Alliant Energy Corporation Employee's Political Action Comm$2,500
  17. Aluminum Association Political Action Committee 'Aluminum PAC'$2,500
  18. Berkshire Hathaway Energy Company PAC$2,500
  19. Bnsf Railway Company Railpac (Bnsf Railpac)$2,500
  20. CHS Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  21. Google LLC Netpac$2,500
  22. HCA Healthcare, Inc. Good Government Fund$2,500
  23. Heidelberg Materials US, Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  24. Regions Financial Corporation Political Action Committee$2,500
  25. Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  26. The Continuum Fund, Zachry Holdings, Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  27. The Kraft Heinz Company Political Action Committee (Kraftheinzpac)$2,500
  28. Uniti Group Inc. PAC (Uniti PAC)$2,500
  29. Zeneca Inc. Political Action Committee (Azpac)$2,500
  30. Zoetis Inc. PAC Aka Zoetis PAC$2,500
  31. Blue Origin LLC Political Action Committee (Blue Origin PAC)$2,000
  32. Ctia - the Wireless Association Political Action Committee$2,000
  33. Cuna Mutual Holding Company Political Action Committee/Trustage PAC$2,000
  34. Energy Marketers of America Small Business Committee PAC (Ema SBC PAC)$2,000
  35. Information Technology Industry Council Political Action Committee (ITI PAC)$2,000
  36. Lyondell Chemical Company PAC$2,000
  37. National Association of Manufacturers PAC (Nam-PAC)$2,000
  38. Natso Inc. Natso PAC$2,000
  39. Old Dominion Freight Line Inc. Political Action Committee (Old Dominion PAC)$2,000
  40. Philips North America LLC Political Action Committee$2,000
  41. United Egg Association Eggpac$2,000
  42. Astellas US LLC PAC (Astellas PAC)$1,500
  43. Cardinal Health Inc. PAC$1,500
  44. Dow Inc. PAC (Dowpac)$1,500
  45. Eli Lilly and Company Political Action Committee$1,500
  46. Hy-Vee Inc Employees' Political Action Committee$1,500
  47. Oshkosh Corporation Employees PAC (Ocepac)$1,500
  48. Transamerica Corporation PAC$1,500
  49. Absolute Energy PAC$1,000
  50. America's Essential Hospitals Political Action Committee, (Essential Hospitals PAC)$1,000
  51. American Concrete Pipe Association PAC$1,000
  52. American Podiatric Medical Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  53. American Waterways Operators-PAC$1,000
  54. Amgen Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  55. Barnes & Thornburg Political Action Committee$1,000
  56. Becton Dickinson and Company PAC$1,000
  57. California Westside Farmers Fed PAC$1,000
  58. Cummins Inc. Political Action Committee (Cipac)$1,000
  59. Fedex Corporation Political Action Committee$1,000
  60. Garmin International Inc Political Action Committee$1,000
  61. Golden Grain Energy LLC Political Action Committee$1,000
  62. H&r Block Inc. Political Action Committee (Blockpac)$1,000
  63. Holland & Knight Committee for Effective Government$1,000
  64. Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. Employees Political Action Committee (Hiipac)$1,000
  65. International Bank of Commerce Committee for Improvement and Betterment of the Country$1,000
  66. Jobs for a New Economy PAC$1,000
  67. Lockheed Martin Corporation Employees' Political Action Committee$1,000
  68. National Grocers Association Grocers Political Action Committee$1,000
  69. National Retail Federation Retailpac$1,000
  70. Plain State PAC$1,000
  71. Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  72. Sierra Nevada Company, LLC Political Action Committee$1,000
  73. T-Mobile US, Inc. Political Action Committee (T-PAC)$1,000
  74. The Farm Credit Council Political Action Committee$1,000
  75. The Guardian Life Insurance Company of America Political Action Committee - Federal (Guardian Life P$1,000
  76. The Procter & Gamble Company Good Government Fund$1,000
  77. Bulldog Victory PAC$500
2020 cycle$3,239,100 from 600 PACs· the top 10 PACs gave 21% of it
Winred$535,959
Votesane PAC$62,825
Winning for Women, Inc. PAC$13,442
21ST Century Majority Fund$10,000
Ag Processing Inc Political Action Committee, Agpac$10,000
Altria Group, Inc. Political Action Committee (Altriapac)$10,000
American Bankers Association PAC (Bankpac)$10,000
American Hotel and Lodging Association Political Action Committee ('Hotelpac')$10,000
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Political Action Committee$10,000
Anheuser-Busch Companies LLC Political Action Committee$10,000
Show all 600 PACs
  1. Associated Builders and Contractors, Inc. Political Action Committee (Abc PAC)$10,000
  2. Badlands PAC$10,000
  3. Bayer US LLC Employee Political Action Committee (Bayerpac)$10,000
  4. Bloomin' Brands, Inc. Political Action Committee$10,000
  5. Build Political Action Committee of the National Association of Home Builders (Buildpac)$10,000
  6. Case New Holland Industrial Inc. Excellence in Government Fund (Cnh Industrial Excellence in Government Fund)$10,000
  7. Caterpillar Inc. Political Action Committee (Catpac)$10,000
  8. Centene Corporation Political Action Committee (Centene PAC)$10,000
  9. Chamber of Commerce of the United States of America PAC (US Chamber PAC)$10,000
  10. Charter Communications Inc. Political Action Committee$10,000
  11. Chevron Employees Political Action Committee - Chevron Corporation$10,000
  12. Citizens for Prosperity in America Today PAC$10,000
  13. Comcast Corporation & Nbcuniversal Political Action Committee - Federal$10,000
  14. Common Sense for America PAC$10,000
  15. Deloitte Political Action Committee$10,000
  16. Denali Leadership PAC$10,000
  17. E-PAC$10,000
  18. Ernst & Young Political Action Committee$10,000
  19. Fedex Corporation Political Action Committee$10,000
  20. Free State PAC$10,000
  21. Freedom Fund$10,000
  22. Freeport-McMoran Inc. Citizenship Committee$10,000
  23. Fund for America's Future$10,000
  24. General Dynamics Corporation Political Action Committee (General Dynamics Employee PAC)$10,000
  25. Google LLC Netpac$10,000
  26. Growth Energy PAC$10,000
  27. Honeywell International Political Action Committee$10,000
  28. Hoosier PAC$10,000
  29. Independent Insurance Agents & Brokers of America, Inc. Political Action Committee (Insurpac)$10,000
  30. International Paper Political Action Committee (Ip-PAC)$10,000
  31. Jobs Opportunity and New Ideas PAC$10,000
  32. Jobs, Freedom, and Security PAC$10,000
  33. Kelly PAC$10,000
  34. Lead Encourage Elect PAC$10,000
  35. Majority Committee PAC--MC PAC$10,000
  36. McDonalds Corporation Political Action Committee$10,000
  37. Merck & Co., Inc., Employees Political Action Committee (Merck PAC)$10,000
  38. Mortgage Bankers Association Political Action Committee (Morpac)$10,000
  39. National Association of Realtors Political Action Committee$10,000
  40. National Association of Wholesaler-Distributors Political Action Committee$10,000
  41. National Automobile Dealers Association Political Action Committee$10,000
  42. National Beer Wholesalers Association Political Action Committee$10,000
  43. National Cattlemen's Beef Association Political Action Committee (Ncba-PAC)$10,000
  44. National Federation of Independent Business Federal Political Action Committee$10,000
  45. National Restaurant Association PAC (Restaurant PAC)$10,000
  46. Ncta - the Internet & Television Association Political Action Committee (Nctapac)$10,000
  47. Nebraska Sandhills PAC$10,000
  48. Nexstar Media Group, Inc. Political Action Committee (Nexstar PAC)$10,000
  49. Next Century Fund$10,000
  50. Oorah! Political Action Committee$10,000
  51. Pfizer Inc. PAC$10,000
  52. Promoting Our Republican Team PAC$10,000
  53. Renewable Fuels Association PAC (Renewable Fuels PAC)$10,000
  54. Responsibility and Freedom Work PAC (Rfwpac)$10,000
  55. Road to Freedom Campaign Committee$10,000
  56. Seal PAC Supporting Electing American Leaders PAC$10,000
  57. Sensible American Solutions Supporting Everyone PAC$10,000
  58. Southern Company Employees PAC$10,000
  59. The Home Depot Inc. Political Action Committee$10,000
  60. The Lincoln Club of Orange County Federal PAC$10,000
  61. Thunderbolt PAC$10,000
  62. Tomorrow Is Meaningful PAC$10,000
  63. True North PAC$10,000
  64. Truist Financial Corporation Political Action Committee (Formerly Branch Bank and Trust Political Action Committee)$10,000
  65. Ubs Americas Inc. Political Action Committee (Ubs PAC)$10,000
  66. Union Pacific Corp. Fund for Effective Government$10,000
  67. Unitedhealth Group Incorporated PAC (Unitedhealth Group PAC)$10,000
  68. Value in Electing Women Political Action Committee$10,000
  69. Walmart Inc. PAC for Responsible Government$10,000
  70. Werner Enterprises Inc Political Action Committee$10,000
  71. Food Marketplace Inc. Political Action Committee Fmi Foodpac$9,999
  72. Susan B. Anthony List. Inc. Candidate Fund (Dba Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America Candidate Fund)$9,352
  73. Aflac Political Action Committee (Aflac PAC)$9,000
  74. American Society of Travel Advisors, Inc. PAC$9,000
  75. Bhfs-E, PC PAC (Brownstein Hyatt Farber Schreck Political Action Committee)$9,000
  76. CVS Health PAC$9,000
  77. Golden Grain Energy LLC Political Action Committee$9,000
  78. Jpmorgan Chase & Co. Federal Political Action Committee$9,000
  79. Lowe's Companies, Inc. Political Action Committee$9,000
  80. Nextera Energy, Inc. Political Action Committee$9,000
  81. Rain and Hail Insurance Society Political Action Committee$9,000
  82. The Procter & Gamble Company Good Government Fund$9,000
  83. Thrivent Financial for Lutherans Political Action Committee$9,000
  84. Verizon Communications, Inc. Political Action Committee (Verizon PAC)$9,000
  85. National Community Pharmacists Association - PAC$8,500
  86. Oshkosh Corporation Employees PAC (Ocepac)$8,500
  87. Republican Majority Fund$8,063
  88. America's Credit Unions PAC of Credit Union National Association, Inc.$8,000
  89. Archer Daniels Midland Company - Adm PAC$8,000
  90. CRH Americas, Inc. PAC$8,000
  91. Citigroup Inc. PAC - Federal (Citi PAC - Federal)$8,000
  92. Davita Inc. Political Action Committee (Dapac)$8,000
  93. General Atomics Political Action Committee$8,000
  94. General Electric Company Aerospace Employee Political Action Committee (GE Aerospace PAC)$8,000
  95. General Motors Company Political Action Committee (Gm PAC)$8,000
  96. Independent Community Bankers of America Political Action Committee (Icba PAC)$8,000
  97. National Association of Insurance and Financial Advisors Political Action Comm$8,000
  98. Safari Club International PAC (SCI-PAC)$8,000
  99. Schwan's Company Political Action Committee$8,000
  100. Fighting for Missouri PAC$7,800
  101. Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association Political Action Committee$7,500
  102. American Council of Engineering Companies (Acec/PAC)$7,500
  103. American Property Casualty Insurance Association Political Action Committee (Insuring America PAC)$7,500
  104. Associated General Contractors of America Political Action Committee$7,500
  105. By Farmers, for Farmers PAC Land O'lakes, Inc. PAC (by Farmers, for Farmers PAC)$7,500
  106. Cme Group Inc. PAC$7,500
  107. Corecivic, Inc. Political Action Committee (Corecivic PAC)$7,500
  108. Gridiron-PAC$7,500
  109. International Foodservice Distributors Association Political Action Committee$7,500
  110. International Franchise Association Franchising Political Action Committee Inc$7,500
  111. Ipaa Wildcatters Fund$7,500
  112. Massachusetts Mutual Life Insurance Company Political Action Committee$7,500
  113. National Association of Convenience Stores Political Action Committee$7,500
  114. National Multifamily Housing Council and Real Estate Technology and Transformation Center Political Action Committee (Nmhc PAC)$7,500
  115. National Shooting Sports Foundation, Inc. Political Action Committee (Nssf PAC)$7,500
  116. National Stone, Sand & Gravel Association Rockpac$7,500
  117. Novo Nordisk Inc. PAC (Novo Nordisk PAC)$7,500
  118. Opportunity and Responsibility Restored in Our Nation PAC$7,500
  119. The Guardian Fund$7,500
  120. The Kraft Heinz Company Political Action Committee (Kraftheinzpac)$7,500
  121. The Travelers Companies, Inc. Political Action Committee (T-PAC)$7,500
  122. Transamerica Corporation PAC$7,500
  123. Wine and Spirits Wholesalers of America, Inc. Political Action Committee$7,500
  124. CHS Inc. Political Action Committee$7,000
  125. Elevance Health, Inc. Political Action Committee (Elevance Health PAC)$7,000
  126. Freedom's Defense Fund$7,000
  127. Lockheed Martin Corporation Employees' Political Action Committee$7,000
  128. National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts, Inc. Political Action Committee$7,000
  129. Polaris Industries Political Participation Program$7,000
  130. Amazon.com Services LLC Separate Segregated Fund (Amazon PAC)$6,500
  131. Employees of Northrop Grumman Corporation PAC$6,500
  132. Green Plains Inc. PAC$6,500
  133. Holland & Knight Committee for Effective Government$6,500
  134. Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. Employees Political Action Committee (Hiipac)$6,500
  135. Trucking Political Action Committee of the American Trucking Associations Inc.$6,500
  136. American Land Title Association Title Industry PAC (Tipac)$6,000
  137. American Optometric Association Political Action Committee$6,000
  138. American Veterinary Medical Association Political Action Committee$6,000
  139. Association of Equipment Manufacturers PAC$6,000
  140. Bbva USA Bancshares, Inc. PAC$6,000
  141. Investment Company Institute Political Action Committee (Ici PAC)$6,000
  142. National Association of Manufacturers PAC (Nam-PAC)$6,000
  143. National Pork Producers Council Pork PAC$6,000
  144. The Committee to Defend the President$6,000
  145. Believe in America PAC$5,600
  146. Senate Eagle PAC$5,600
  147. Amgen Inc. Political Action Committee$5,500
  148. Employees of RTX Corporation Political Action Committee$5,500
  149. State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company Federal Political Action Committee (State Farm Federal PAC)$5,500
  150. Alamo PAC$5,000
  151. Amedisys, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  152. American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry Political Action Committee$5,000
  153. American Association of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeons Political Action Committee$5,000
  154. American Beverage Association Political Action Committee (Aka American Beverage PAC)$5,000
  155. American Cement Association (Cement PAC)$5,000
  156. American Council of Life Insurers Political Action Committee$5,000
  157. American Crystal Sugar Company Political Action Committee$5,000
  158. American Dental Association Political Action Committee$5,000
  159. American Health Care Association Political Action Committee$5,000
  160. American Staffing Association Staffing PAC$5,000
  161. Arkansas for Leadership Political Action Committee (Arkpac)$5,000
  162. Asian American Hotel Owners Association PAC (Aahoa PAC)$5,000
  163. Asplundh Tree Expert CO Political Action Committee (Ate PAC)$5,000
  164. Association of Kentucky Fried Chicken Franchisees Inc PAC$5,000
  165. Astellas US LLC PAC (Astellas PAC)$5,000
  166. Automotive Free International Trade PAC$5,000
  167. Black Hills Corporation Political Action Committee$5,000
  168. Blessey Marine Service, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  169. Bluepac - Blue Cross Blue Shield Association PAC$5,000
  170. Bread Financial Holdings, Inc. PAC (Aka Bread Financial PAC)$5,000
  171. Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Political Action Committee$5,000
  172. Burger King Franchisee PAC$5,000
  173. Caesars Entertainment, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  174. California Dairies, Inc. Federal Political Action Committee$5,000
  175. California Farm Bureau Federation Fund to Protect the Family Farm (Farm PAC )$5,000
  176. Campaign for Working Families$5,000
  177. Capital One Financial Corp. Assoc. Political Fund$5,000
  178. Cardinal Health Inc. PAC$5,000
  179. Cargill, Incorporated Political Action Committee$5,000
  180. Citizens United Political Victory Fund$5,000
  181. Conocophillips Spirit PAC$5,000
  182. Conservatives Harvesting Success PAC$5,000
  183. Continuing America's Strength and Security PAC$5,000
  184. Deere & Company PAC (Aka John Deere PAC)$5,000
  185. Devon Energy Corporation Political Action Committee (Dec PAC)$5,000
  186. Dirigo PAC$5,000
  187. Ecolab Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  188. Energy Transfer Employee Management Company PAC (Energy Transfer PAC)$5,000
  189. Enterprise Holdings, Inc. / Enterprise Mobility Political Action Committee$5,000
  190. Evoc Regulatory Services Inc Political Action Committee$5,000
  191. Express Services Inc PAC$5,000
  192. Exxon Mobil Corporation Political Action Committee (Exxonmobil PAC)$5,000
  193. FMR LLC Political Action Committee - Federal (Fidelity PAC)$5,000
  194. Family Research Council Action Political Action Committee$5,000
  195. Faspac Fareway Stores Inc PAC$5,000
  196. Federal Agricultural Mortgage Corporation Political Action Committee$5,000
  197. Fiscal Leadership and Knowing Economics PAC$5,000
  198. General Mills, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  199. Grain and Feed PAC$5,000
  200. Great America PAC$5,000
  201. Gun Owners of America, Inc. Political Victory Fund$5,000
  202. HP Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  203. Hecla Mining Company/Hecla Limited PAC$5,000
  204. Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company PAC$5,000
  205. Huck PAC for America$5,000
  206. Interdigital, Inc., PAC$5,000
  207. International Warehouse Logistics Association PAC$5,000
  208. Invest in a Strong and Secure America$5,000
  209. Iowa Corn Growers Association PAC$5,000
  210. Iowa Farm Bureau Federation Political Action Committee/FB PAC$5,000
  211. Iowa Renewable Fuels Association PAC - Irfa PAC$5,000
  212. JBS USA Food Company PAC$5,000
  213. K&l Gates LLP Political Action Committee (DC)$5,000
  214. Kirby Corporation Political Action Committee$5,000
  215. Kpmg Partners/Principals and Employees PAC$5,000
  216. Las Vegas Sands Corp. Political Action Committee (Sands PAC)$5,000
  217. Lets Get to Work PAC$5,000
  218. Lincoln PAC$5,000
  219. Livestock Marketing Association Political Action Committee (LMA-PAC)$5,000
  220. Locke Lord LLP PAC$5,000
  221. Lockton Inc Political Action Committee$5,000
  222. Making Business Excel Political Action Committee$5,000
  223. Making a Responsible Stand for Households in America PAC$5,000
  224. Mdu Resources Group Good Government Fund$5,000
  225. Microsoft Corporation Stakeholders Voluntary PAC - Msvpac$5,000
  226. Missouri Farm Bureau Federation Federal PAC$5,000
  227. Motorola Solutions, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  228. Murray Energy Corporation Political Action Committee$5,000
  229. National Association of Benefits and Insurance Professionals PAC (Nabip PAC)$5,000
  230. National Association of Broadcasters Political Action Committee (Nabpac)$5,000
  231. National Association of Chemical Distributors Responsible Distribution Political Action Committee$5,000
  232. National Association of Mutual Insurance Companies PAC$5,000
  233. National Fisheries Institute (Fishpac)$5,000
  234. National Ready Mixed Concrete Assn. PAC (Concretepac)$5,000
  235. National Rural Electric Cooperative Association America's Electric Cooperatives PAC$5,000
  236. National Turkey Federation Political Action Commitee/Turpac$5,000
  237. National Utility Contractors Association Legislative Information and Action Committee$5,000
  238. New Majority Federal PAC$5,000
  239. Nustar Energy L.p. (Nustar PAC)$5,000
  240. Paceg Committee$5,000
  241. Pharmaceutical Research & Manufacturers of America Better Government Committee$5,000
  242. Prudential Financial Inc. Federal Political Action Committee (Aka - Prudential Federal PAC)$5,000
  243. Publix Super Markets, Inc. Associates Political Action Committee$5,000
  244. Reclaim America PAC$5,000
  245. Red Gold, Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  246. Regions Financial Corporation Political Action Committee$5,000
  247. Republican Jewish Coalition Political Action Committee (Rjc-PAC)$5,000
  248. Republican Mainstreet Partnership PAC$5,000
  249. Reynolds American Inc. Political Action Committee; Rai PAC$5,000
  250. Rocket Limited Partnership PAC (Rocket PAC)$5,000
  251. S&p Global Inc. Political Action Committee$5,000
  252. Salem Media Group Political Action Committee, Inc.$5,000
  253. Sanofi US Services Inc. Employees' Political Action Committee$5,000
  254. Save America PAC$5,000
  255. Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association Political Action Committee$5,000
  256. Space Exploration Technologies Corp. PAC$5,000
  257. Stephens Inc. Federal Political Action Committee$5,000
  258. Steris Corporation Employee Political Action Committee (A.k.a. Steris Employee PAC)$5,000
  259. Strategy PAC$5,000
  260. Support to Ensure Victory Everywhere PAC-Steve PAC$5,000
  261. Syngenta Corporation Employee Political Action Committee$5,000
  262. Tenn Political Action Committee Inc (Tenn PAC)$5,000
  263. Texas Farm Bureau Agfund$5,000
  264. Textile Rental Services Association of America Political Action Committee (Trsapac)$5,000
  265. The Boeing Company PAC$5,000
  266. The Council of Insurance Agents & Brokers Political Action Committee$5,000
  267. The Eye of the Tiger Political Action Committee$5,000
  268. The Grant Thornton Advisors LLC Political Action Committee$5,000
  269. The Loose Group$5,000
  270. To Protect Our Heritage PAC$5,000
  271. Wakefern Food Corp. Political Action Committee$5,000
  272. Whirlpool Corporation Political Action Committee$5,000
  273. Wine Institute PAC$5,000
  274. National Independent Automobile Dealers Association PAC Fund$4,995
  275. National Rifle Association of America Political Victory Fund$4,950
  276. American Bakers Association American Bakers Political Action Committee$4,500
  277. Clean Fuels Alliance America Political Action Committee$4,500
  278. Heating Air-Conditioning & Refrigeration Distributors International Political Action Commi$4,500
  279. I.p.h.f.h.a. Political Action Committee$4,500
  280. Meta Platforms, Inc. PAC$4,500
  281. Morgan Stanley Political Action Committee$4,500
  282. National Telecommunications Cooperative Association Rural Broadband PAC$4,500
  283. Society of Independent Gasoline Marketers of America PAC (Sigma: America's Leading Fuel Marketers PAC)$4,500
  284. Maggie's List$4,200
  285. American Airlines Inc. Political Action Committee (Aapac)$4,000
  286. Cobham Holdings Inc. Political Action Committee 'Cobham PAC'$4,000
  287. Cuna Mutual Holding Company Political Action Committee/Trustage PAC$4,000
  288. Day & Zimmermann Inc Federal PAC (Aka 'Daypac - Federal')$4,000
  289. Dell Technologies, Inc. Political Action Committee$4,000
  290. LKQ Corporation Employee Good Government Fund$4,000
  291. National Association of Chain Drug Stores, Inc. Political Action Committee$4,000
  292. Occidental Petroleum Corporation Political Action Committee$4,000
  293. Oracle America, Inc. Political Action Committee (Oracle PAC)$4,000
  294. T-Mobile US, Inc. Political Action Committee (T-PAC)$4,000
  295. Wells Fargo and Company Employees Good Government Federal Fund II$4,000
  296. Advanced Medical Technology Association Political Action Committee$3,500
  297. Basf Corporation Employees Political Action Committee$3,500
  298. Biotechnology Innovation Organization PAC (Bio PAC)$3,500
  299. Crowell & Moring LLP Political Action Committee (C&m PAC)$3,500
  300. Ford Motor Company Civic Action Fund$3,500
  301. Itc Holdings Corp. PAC (Itc PAC)$3,500
  302. Liberty Mutual Insurance Company - PAC$3,500
  303. Lyondell Chemical Company PAC$3,500
  304. Meat Institute Political Action Committee ('Meat PAC')$3,500
  305. Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company Financial & Investments Political Action Committee$3,500
  306. Pitney Bowes Inc. Political Action Committee$3,500
  307. S Corporation Association PAC (S-Corp PAC)$3,500
  308. Smithfield Foods Inc Political Action Committee, (Hampac)$3,500
  309. The Farm Credit Council Political Action Committee$3,500
  310. The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. Political Action Committee$3,500
  311. United Egg Association Eggpac$3,500
  312. Vmware, Inc. Political Action Committee (Vmware PAC)$3,500
  313. Wells Fargo and Company Employee PAC (Aka Wells Fargo Employee PAC)$3,500
  314. Xcel Energy Employee Political Action Committee (Xpac)$3,500
  315. American Moving and Storage Association Inc Political Action Committee (Ampac)$3,058
  316. A New Nation PAC$3,000
  317. AT&T Inc. Employee Federal Political Action Committee (AT&T Employee Federal PAC)$3,000
  318. Aluminum Association Political Action Committee 'Aluminum PAC'$3,000
  319. BAE Systems Inc. Political Action Committee (BAE Systems USA PAC)$3,000
  320. BWX Technologies, Inc Political Action Committee$3,000
  321. Bunge North America Inc Political Action Committee$3,000
  322. Cencora, Inc. PAC$3,000
  323. Consumer Bankers Association PAC$3,000
  324. Flagstar Bank Federal PAC Fec ID#C00455733$3,000
  325. Gulf Coast Bank & Trust Wave PAC$3,000
  326. Pg&e Corporation Employees Energypac$3,000
  327. Steptoe LLP Political Action Committee$3,000
  328. The Right Group$3,000
  329. Toyota Motor North America, Inc Political Action Committee (Toyota/Lexus PAC)$3,000
  330. Western Dubuque Biodiesel LLC PAC$3,000
  331. American Fidelity Corporation Political Action Committee$2,800
  332. Cgcn PAC$2,800
  333. RV Industry Association Political Action Committee$2,800
  334. Royal Neighbors of America Political Action Committee$2,800
  335. Abbott Laboratories Employee Political Action Committee$2,500
  336. Abbvie Political Action Committee$2,500
  337. Alliant Energy Corporation Employee's Political Action Comm$2,500
  338. Alticor, Inc. Political Action Committee Altipac$2,500
  339. America's Health Insurance Plans, Inc. PAC (Ahip PAC)$2,500
  340. American Association of Nurse Anesthetists Separate Segregated Fund (Crna-PAC)$2,500
  341. American Chemistry Council PAC$2,500
  342. American Medical Association Political Action Committee$2,500
  343. American Principles$2,500
  344. American Society of Plastic Surgeons Plastypac$2,500
  345. Ameriprise Financial Inc. Political Action Committee (Ameriprisepac)$2,500
  346. Associated Equipment Distributors Political Action Committee$2,500
  347. Association of American Physicians and Surgeons, Inc. Political Action Committee (Aaps-PAC)$2,500
  348. Avangrid Political Action Committee$2,500
  349. Best Buy Co., Inc. Employee Political Forum$2,500
  350. Boehringer Ingelheim USA Corporation Political Action Committee (Boehringer PAC)$2,500
  351. Broadcom Inc. Political Action Committee (Broadcom PAC)$2,500
  352. Bulldog Victory PAC$2,500
  353. CNG Holdings, Inc. PAC$2,500
  354. CSL Behring LLC Employees Political Action Committee (Csl Employees PAC)$2,500
  355. Calportland Company Political Action Committee (Calportlandpac)$2,500
  356. Celgene Corporation Political Action Committee$2,500
  357. Coalition for Renewable Natural Gas Political Action Committee (Dba RNG PAC)$2,500
  358. Conservatives Organized to Advance Tomorrow's Solutions (Coats PAC)$2,500
  359. Dairy Farmers of America, Inc. Political Action Committee; Aka Dfa-PAC$2,500
  360. Dakota PAC$2,500
  361. Delta Air Lines PAC$2,500
  362. Duke Energy Corporation Employee Political Action Committee (Dukepac)$2,500
  363. Echostar Corporation and Dish Network Corporation PAC (Echostar Dish Network PAC)$2,500
  364. Elect - the PAC of the Alabama Farmers Federation$2,500
  365. Employees of Dupont PAC - Dupont DE Nemours, Inc.$2,500
  366. Employers Mutual Casualty Company Committee for Responsible Federal Government$2,500
  367. Encompass Health Corporation Political Action Committee$2,500
  368. Farmers Group, Inc., Farmers Insurance Exchange, Fire Insurance Exchange and Truck Insurance Exchange Political Action Committee Aka Farmers Insurance PAC$2,500
  369. Fert PAC (the Political Action Committee of the Fertilizer Institute)$2,500
  370. Fifth Third Bancorp Comerica Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  371. First Midwest Bancorp, Inc Government Affairs Fund$2,500
  372. Fluor Corporation Political Action Committee (Fluor PAC)$2,500
  373. Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. Political Action Committee$2,500
  374. Friends of Israel Political Action Committee - Fipac$2,500
  375. Friends of Trident Seafoods Corporation PAC$2,500
  376. Genentech Inc. Political Action Committee (Genenpac)$2,500
  377. Great America Committee$2,500
  378. Howmet Aerospace Inc. Employees Voluntary Political Action Committee$2,500
  379. Hy-Vee Inc Employees' Political Action Committee$2,500
  380. Insured Retirement Institute Political Action Committee (Iri PAC)$2,500
  381. Intel Corporation Political Action Committee (Ipac)$2,500
  382. Iowa Construction Industry PAC/ Associated General Contractors of Iowa$2,500
  383. Lennox Employee Advocacy Program Lennox International Inc$2,500
  384. Liberty Media Corporation PAC Aka Liberty Media PAC$2,500
  385. Louisianians for American Security Political Action Committee$2,500
  386. Maynard Nexsen PAC$2,500
  387. McKesson Corporation Employees Political Fund$2,500
  388. Mediacom Communications Corporation Political Action Committee$2,500
  389. Meredith Corporation Employees Fund for Better Government$2,500
  390. Missouri Corn Growers Association Federal PAC$2,500
  391. National Apartment Association Political Action Committee$2,500
  392. National Electrical Contractors Association Political Action Committee$2,500
  393. National Retail Federation Retailpac$2,500
  394. Nestle Purina Petcare Company Political Election Team$2,500
  395. Norfolk Southern Corporation Good Government Fund$2,500
  396. Office of the Commissioner of Major League Baseball Political Action Committee$2,500
  397. PA Prosperity Fund PAC$2,500
  398. Peabody Energy Corporation Political Action Committee (Peabody PAC)$2,500
  399. Pinnacle West Capital Corporation PAC$2,500
  400. Prime Policy Group LLC/Burson Political Action Committee$2,500
  401. Principal Life Insurance Company Political Action Committee$2,500
  402. Qualcomm Incorporated Political Action Committee (Qpac)$2,500
  403. Rightnow Women PAC$2,500
  404. Seed First Political Action Committee$2,500
  405. Siouxland Ethanol LLC PAC$2,500
  406. Taylor Morrison, Inc. Building Strong Business PAC$2,500
  407. The Capital Group Companies Inc Political Action Committee$2,500
  408. The Coca-Cola Company Nonpartisan Committee for Good Government$2,500
  409. The Hartford Insurance Group, Inc. PAC (Aka the Hartford Advocates Fund)$2,500
  410. The Petroleum Alliance of Oklahoma, Inc. PAC (Petroleum Alliance PAC)$2,500
  411. The Wendys Company Political Action Committee$2,500
  412. Thompson Coburn Political Action Committee$2,500
  413. Tralapac (Truck Renting and Leasing Association PAC)$2,500
  414. U.S. Travel Association PAC$2,500
  415. US Oncology Inc. Network Political Action Committee$2,500
  416. United Parcel Service, Inc. PAC (Upspac)$2,500
  417. United Services Automobile Association Employee PAC - Usaa Employee PAC$2,500
  418. Uniti Group Inc. PAC (Uniti PAC)$2,500
  419. Universal Music Group Employee Action Fund$2,500
  420. Western Energy Alliance PAC$2,500
  421. Zurich Holding Company of America, Inc. Committee for Good Government (Z-PAC, Zurich PAC)$2,500
  422. Air Line Pilots Association PAC$2,000
  423. Allete PAC$2,000
  424. Ameren Corporation Federal Political Action Committee (Ameren Fedpac)$2,000
  425. American Clean Power Association Cleanpower PAC$2,000
  426. American Concrete Pipe Association PAC$2,000
  427. American Seniors Housing Association (Seniors Housing PAC)$2,000
  428. American Sugar Cane League of USA, Inc PAC$2,000
  429. Black America's Political Action Committee$2,000
  430. Blue Origin LLC Political Action Committee (Blue Origin PAC)$2,000
  431. Bowling PROPRIET0RS' Association of America, Inc PAC$2,000
  432. CF Industries, Inc. Employees' Good Government Fund$2,000
  433. Castlepac LLC$2,000
  434. Coeur Mining, Inc. PAC$2,000
  435. Cognizant Technology Solutions Corporation Political Action Committee (Cognizant PAC)$2,000
  436. Conagra Brands, Inc. Good Government Association$2,000
  437. Corning Incorporated Employees Political Action Committee (Corepac)$2,000
  438. Coterra Energy Inc. Political Action Committee$2,000
  439. Dte Energy Company Political Action Committee$2,000
  440. Ebay Inc-Committee for Responsible Internet Commerce, (Ebay PAC)$2,000
  441. Elbit Systems of America LLC Political Action Committee (Elbit America PAC)$2,000
  442. Finseca PAC$2,000
  443. Florida Sugar Cane League PAC$2,000
  444. Keurig DR Pepper Inc. PAC$2,000
  445. Leidos Inc. Political Action Committee$2,000
  446. Medical Professional Liability Association Political Action Committee (Mpl PAC)$2,000
  447. National Asphalt Pavement Association Political Action Committee (Napa-PAC)$2,000
  448. National Association of Farm Service Agency County Office Employees Inc PPC Aka Nascoe PAC$2,000
  449. National Club Association Political Action Committee (Clubpac)$2,000
  450. National Lumber and Building Material Dealers Association Political Action Committee (Ludpac)$2,000
  451. Novartis Corporation Political Action Committee$2,000
  452. Nutrien Ag Solutions Employee Citizenship Fund Political Action Committee ('Nutrien Citizenship Fund PAC')$2,000
  453. Plain State PAC$2,000
  454. Prosperity Action, Inc.$2,000
  455. Renewable Energy Group Inc Political Action Committee (Reg PAC)$2,000
  456. Schneider National Inc., Transpac$2,000
  457. Science Applications International Corporation Voluntary Political Action Committee$2,000
  458. Seaboard Corporation Political Action Committee$2,000
  459. Ssab Americas PAC Ssab Enterprises LLC$2,000
  460. Target Corporation Citizens Political Forum (Targetcitizens Political Forum)$2,000
  461. Trinity Industries Employee Political Action Committee (SF) Inc.$2,000
  462. Western Sugar Cooperative PAC$2,000
  463. Americans United in Support of Democracy$1,700
  464. Conservative Victory Fund$1,700
  465. Charles Schwab Corporation Political Action Committee$1,500
  466. Cox Enterprises PAC (Coxpac) Inc.$1,500
  467. Dean Foods Company Political Action Committee$1,500
  468. Dla Piper LLP (US) Political Action Committee (Dla Piper PAC)$1,500
  469. Jewelers of America, Inc. Political Action Committee (Japac)$1,500
  470. Thoroughbred PAC$1,500
  471. Zeneca Inc. Political Action Committee (Azpac)$1,500
  472. Corteva, Inc. Employees PAC (Corteva Agriscience PAC)$1,250
  473. Gibson Dunn & Crutcher LLP PAC$1,250
  474. Putnam Investments, LLC Political Action Committee ('Putnam PAC')$1,062
  475. Agricultural Retailers Association Political Action Committe$1,000
  476. Airbus Americas, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  477. Alliance for Pharmacy Compounding PAC (Comp PAC)$1,000
  478. Allstate Insurance Company PAC$1,000
  479. America's Essential Hospitals Political Action Committee, (Essential Hospitals PAC)$1,000
  480. American Academy of Physician Associates Political Action Committee (PA PAC)$1,000
  481. American Bus Association Political Action Committee - Buspac$1,000
  482. American Express Company Political Action Committee (Axppac)$1,000
  483. American Hospital Association PAC$1,000
  484. American Kennel Club$1,000
  485. American Pharmacists Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  486. American Political Action Committee$1,000
  487. American Society of Association Executives (Asae) PAC$1,000
  488. American Strength PAC$1,000
  489. American Sugarbeet Growers Association PAC$1,000
  490. American Supply Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  491. Arch Resources Inc. Political Action Committee (Archpac)$1,000
  492. Arentfox Schiff Civic Participation Fund (Afspac)$1,000
  493. Barnes & Thornburg Political Action Committee$1,000
  494. Blank Rome PAC$1,000
  495. Brinker International Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  496. Bryan Cave LLP Political Action Committee$1,000
  497. Continental Automotive, Inc PAC$1,000
  498. Cray Inc Employee Political Action Committee (Aka Cray PAC)$1,000
  499. Crowley Maritime Corporation Federal PAC$1,000
  500. Ctia - the Wireless Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  501. Cummins Inc. Political Action Committee (Cipac)$1,000
  502. Dentons US LLP PAC$1,000
  503. Eaton Corporation Public Policy Association$1,000
  504. Edj Holding Company, Inc. Political Action Committee (Edward Jones PAC)$1,000
  505. Edp Renewables North America LLC PAC (Aka Edpr Na PAC)$1,000
  506. Elanco US Inc. Political Action Committee ('Elanco PAC')$1,000
  507. Eli Lilly and Company Political Action Committee$1,000
  508. Emergent Biosolutions Inc. Employees PAC$1,000
  509. Equitable Holdings, Inc. Political Action Committee (Equitable PAC)$1,000
  510. Faegre Drinker Political Action Committee (Faegre Drinker PAC)$1,000
  511. Federal Bipartisan Voluntary Public Affairs Committee of the PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (Pnc$1,000
  512. Federation of American Hospitals PAC$1,000
  513. Freedom and Security PAC$1,000
  514. Gilead Sciences Inc Healthcare Policy PAC$1,000
  515. Glaxosmithkline LLC PAC (Gsk PAC)$1,000
  516. Guaranty Bank & Trust Political Action Committee$1,000
  517. H&r Block Inc. Political Action Committee (Blockpac)$1,000
  518. Hellerhighwater PAC$1,000
  519. Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  520. Intellectual Ventures Dcp, Inc. PAC (Intellectual Ventures PAC)$1,000
  521. International Dairy Foods Association (Idfa) PAC$1,000
  522. Jackson Holdings LLC and Jackson National Life Insurance Company Separate Segregated Fund (Jackson N$1,000
  523. K-VA-T Food Stores Inc Foodpac$1,000
  524. KBR, Inc. PAC$1,000
  525. Kutak Rock LLP Political Action Committee$1,000
  526. Landus Cooperative Political Action Committee$1,000
  527. Little Sioux Corn Processors PAC, Lscp LLC PAC$1,000
  528. McGuirewoods Federal PAC$1,000
  529. Michigan Sugar Company Growers Political Action Committee$1,000
  530. Minn-Dak Farmers Cooperative Sugar PAC (Mdspac)$1,000
  531. Mississippi Farm Bureau Federation Furthering Agriculture for Rural Mississippians Fund PA$1,000
  532. Molson Coors Beverage Company USA LLC PAC$1,000
  533. Motor and Equipment Manufacturers Association PAC (Mema PAC)$1,000
  534. Motorcycle Industry Council Rider Action Fund$1,000
  535. Motorcycle Riders Foundation-Political Active Cyclists (Mrf PAC)$1,000
  536. Mutual of Omaha Companies PAC (Impac)$1,000
  537. Nana Regional Corporation PAC (Nanapac)$1,000
  538. National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences, Inc. Political Action Committee (A.k.a. Grammy Fund for Music Creators)$1,000
  539. National Air Traffic Controllers Association PAC$1,000
  540. National Association for Fixed Annuities Political Action Committee (Nafa PAC)$1,000
  541. National Association of Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors PAC Aka Phcc-PAC$1,000
  542. National Milk Producers Federation PAC (Nmpf PAC)$1,000
  543. National Music Publishers' Association, Inc. Political Action Committee (Nmpac)$1,000
  544. Natural Products Association PAC$1,000
  545. New York Life Insurance Company Political Action Committee$1,000
  546. Nuclear Energy Institute Federal Political Action Committee$1,000
  547. Ohio Farm Bureau Federation Inc-Agriculture for Good Government PAC (Ofbf-Aggpac)$1,000
  548. Old Dominion Freight Line Inc. Political Action Committee (Old Dominion PAC)$1,000
  549. Old National Bank PAC$1,000
  550. Pan-American Life Insurance Company PAC (Palic PAC)$1,000
  551. Pepsico, Inc. Concerned Citizens Fund$1,000
  552. Plastics Industry Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  553. Precision Machined Products Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  554. Professional Compounding Centers of America Political Action Committee$1,000
  555. Quad County Corn Processors Cooperative Political Action Committee$1,000
  556. Raytheon Technologies Corporation PAC (Formerly Utc PAC)$1,000
  557. Retail Industry Leaders Association Political Action Committee Aka Retail Leaders PAC$1,000
  558. School Nutrition Association Political Action Committee$1,000
  559. Siemens Corporation PAC$1,000
  560. Southern Minnesota Beet Sugar Cooperative Political Action Committee$1,000
  561. Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  562. Sugar Cane Growers Cooperative of Florida (PAC)$1,000
  563. Teapartyexpress.org$1,000
  564. Tenaska Inc Employees Political Action Committee$1,000
  565. The Ascap Legislative Fund for the Arts$1,000
  566. The National Right to Work Committee PAC$1,000
  567. Transcanada USA Services, Inc. PAC (Tc PAC)$1,000
  568. Twdc Enterprises 18 Corp. Employees PAC Aka 'the Walt Disney Company Employees PAC' or 'Disney PAC'$1,000
  569. Tyson Foods Inc Political Action Committee (Typac)$1,000
  570. U.S. Bancorp Federal Political Action Committee$1,000
  571. U.S. Israel PAC (Usi PAC)$1,000
  572. Venable PAC (Ven-PAC)$1,000
  573. Visa, Inc. Political Action Committee$1,000
  574. Walgreen CO PAC (Walgreenspac)$1,000
  575. Western Iowa Energy LLC PAC$1,000
  576. Yopac$1,000
  577. Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP Civic Action Committee (Aka Akin Gump PAC)$750
  578. Bakepac - the Political Action Committee of the Independent Bakers Association$500
  579. Coalpac, a Political Action Committee of the National Mining Association$500
  580. Defenders of Freedom and Security$500
  581. Ingram Barge Company Political Action Committee$500
  582. Llano Tea Party$500
  583. Minepac, a Political Action Committee of the National Mining Association$500
  584. Olsson Frank Weeda Terman Matz PC PAC$500
  585. Southwest Iowa Renewable Energy LLC PAC - Sire PAC$500
  586. The Kroger Co. Political Action Committee$500
  587. United States Telecom Association Political Action Committee (Telecompac)$500
  588. Council for Citizens Against Government Waste Political Action Committee (Ccagw PAC)$475
  589. Friends of Snowmobiling PAC$300
  590. Senate Conservatives Fund$70

contribution reported to the FEC, a public campaign-finance record.

Related

Why the labels? The graph is only worth anything if the links are trusted. Facts taken straight from a federal filing are Source; figures we calculate are Computed; links we infer (corporate parents, districts, similar contractors, connections between records) are Inferred, worded carefully, never asserted as fact and never a claim that one thing caused another. Spot an error? Tell us.